Eco-therapy is a form of therapy that considers our relationship with nature as part of the healing process. It integrates nature-based healing into psychological therapy approaches, recognising that the connection with nature can plays a central role in our wellbeing (Richardson, 2023).
While individual approaches may vary, eco-therapy consistently revolves around shared principles that emphasise human-nature connection, holistic well-being, and a mutual caring relationship with the environment.
What Does Eco-Therapy Do?
Here are some of key principles often considered in eco-therapies:
1. Nature-Human Connection
A key principle of eco-therapy is the observation that disconnection from nature has contributed to the modern mental health crisis (Divya, & Naachimuthu, 2020). As society becomes increasingly urbanised, many people live in artificial environments, leading to a sense of alienation.
This detachment goes against the evolutionary adaptations we humans developed over millions of years to live in harmony with nature. Eco-therapy encourages individuals to reconnect with the natural world, as this bond can restore a sense of belonging and psychological balance. Such reconnection is thought to foster a deeper understanding of oneself and one’s role in the world.
2. Nature’s Healing Potential
Embracing nature, spending time amongst it and cultivating awareness of one’s place within it can profoundly impact mental health. Eco-therapies therefore often take the therapy outside in various ways, such as therapy walks, garden work, or nature mindfulness.
It is acknowledged that psychological well-being and sense of identity can be shaped by our interactions with the natural world. Nature’s inherent ability to calm the mind and body is increasingly supported by research, which links exposure to green spaces with reduced stress, enhanced mood, and improved cognitive function (Grilli, & Sacchelli, 2020). This principle underpins many eco-therapeutic practices, from simple nature walks to wilderness retreats.
3. Holistic Well-Being
Eco-therapy adopts a holistic perspective, addressing mental, emotional, physical, spiritual, and relational aspects of health. By integrating various healing modalities and encouraging balance, eco-therapy provides a comprehensive way of thinking about mental health, wellbeing, and resilience (Gul et al, 2024).
4. Sustainability and Reciprocity
Eco-therapy stresses that nature sustains humanity, and in return, humans need to sustain nature. Research supports the idea that nature connectedness, personal well-being, and environmental awareness are interrelated (Restall & Conrad, 2015).
Eco-therapy therefore sometimes incorporates sustainability practices, encouraging participants to engage in various types of sustainability promoting behaviours. Such efforts do not only promote a healthier environment but can also provide a sense of purpose and fulfilment in the people engaged.
5. Mindfulness and Grounding
Mindfulness practices are central to eco-therapy, often taking place in natural settings to enhance their therapeutic effects. Research demonstrates that mindfulness, particularly when combined with exposure to nature, significantly improves mental health and fosters emotional resilience (Sumisha & Aujla, 2024).
Grounding techniques, such as walking barefoot on natural surfaces or focusing on sensory experiences in nature, help individuals feel present, connected, and at peace. Such practices promote a sense of harmony and an appreciation for the surrounding environment.
6. Community Connection
An aspect of our nature which is fading in many parts of our modern world is our sense of community. Eco therapy often includes practices that help a person feel connected to others and the environment through community-based activities. These can include gardening, conservation projects, or green initiatives.
Concluding Thoughts
Eco-therapy provides a framework for addressing the intertwined challenges of mental health and environmental disconnection. By fostering human-nature connection, promoting holistic well-being, and encouraging sustainable practices, it not only helps individuals heal but also contributes to the preservation of the planet. This therapeutic approach reminds us that nurturing the Earth and nurturing ourselves are mutually reinforcing processes, ultimately leading to a more harmonious existence for all.
Book recommendation:
Richardson, M. (2023). Reconnection: Fixing our broken relationship with nature. Pelagic Publishing Ltd.
Other references:
Divya, C., & Naachimuthu, K. P. (2020). Human nature connection and mental health: What do we know so far?. Indian Journal of Health and Well-being, 11(1-3), 84-92.
Gul, S., Mursaleen, M., Ramzan, A. M., Imtiaz, S., & Khan, A. (2024). PSYCHOLOGICAL BENEFITS OF NATURE EXPOSURE: A STUDY ON ECOTHERAPY. Al-Qantara, 24(2), 46-53.
Restall, B., & Conrad, E. (2015). A literature review of connectedness to nature and its potential for environmental management. Journal of environmental management, 159, 264-278.
Sumisha, M., & Aujla, G. K. (2024). Nature Relatedness, Mindfulness And Well-Being Among University Students: Understanding The Connections. Educational Administration: Theory and Practice, 30(4), 9086-9093.
